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References

Therapy options for motion loss are often the subject of scholarly papers and news reports. Click on the document title below to download a PDF of the information that interests you.

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Glossary of Terms

Learn more about some of the medical terms and phrases used on our site.

Arthrofibrosis

Arthrofibrosis is a condition that follows knee trauma or surgery. Often seen after procedures such as ACL reconstruction surgery, arthrofibrosis is due to inflammation and proliferation of scar tissue.

When arthrofibrosis occurs, a dense fibrous tissue forms in abundance. This can bind down the knee joint, and prevent normal motion.

Metatarsophalangeal Joint (MPJ)

Any of the spheroid joints between the heads of the metatarsal bones and the bases of the proximal phalanges of the toes.

Manipulation Under Anesthesia (MUA)

This procedure, manipulation under anesthesia (MUA), is a non-invasive procedure increasingly offered for acute and chronic conditions, including: neck pain, back pain, joint pain, muscle spasm, shortened muscles, fibrous adhesions and long term pain syndromes. It is generally considered safe and is utilized to treat pain arising from the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine as well as the sacroiliac and pelvic regions.

Manipulation under anesthesia uses a combination of specific short lever manipulations, passive stretches and specific articular and postural kinesthetic maneuvers in order to break up fibrous adhesions and scar tissue around the spine and surrounding tissue.

Surgical Removal of Scar Tissue

Scar tissue forms as skin heals after an injury (such as an accident) or surgery. The amount of scarring may be determined by the size, depth, and location of the wound; the age of the person; heredity; and skin characteristics including color (pigmentation).

Surgery to revise scars is done while the patient is awake (local anesthesia), sleeping (sedated), or deep asleep and pain-free (general anesthesia).

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Links to Additional Information

The following links offer additional information that may be helpful.

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